How to write a cover letter, from Prospects

A good cover letter gives context your CV can't. This Prospects guide explains how to write one that's short, specific and written for that employer.

What it recommends:

• Three to five paragraphs, never more than one A4 page.
• Research first: the organisation, its culture, its industry and its competitors. Rewrite the letter for every application.
• Use the advert's keywords and back up each claim with an example.
• A simple structure: the role you're applying for and your availability, then how you match what they need, then a short close asking for an interview.
• Address a real person where you can.
• Avoid an over-casual tone, talking only about what the job gives you, underselling yourself and copying templates.

It also covers sending it as a PDF and following up if you hear nothing after two weeks.

Good for: anyone whose applications ask for a cover letter alongside the CV.